william wallace biography, death, sword, freedom, wife
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William WallaceAs a Scottish knight, he became a central figure in the war to secure Scotland’s freedom from the British, becoming one of his country’s greatest national heroes. When you think of the medieval Scottish hero wielding a sword, you most likely have William Wallace in mind. (If you’ve seen the 1995 movie Braveheart, chances are you’re portraying him as the face-painted Mel Gibson — right?!).
William Wallace, born in Eldersley, near Paisley, in 1270, is hailed by many as the greatest Scot. He would be the leader of Scotland’s resistance to British occupation at the start of the Scottish War of Independence. Most famously, he defeated the “enemy” army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge, but was eventually betrayed and executed in London. Throughout Scotland you will find many monuments and statues made in his image, as well as monuments erected to commemorate the battles of the Revolutionary War.
early life
William Wallace was a member of the petty nobility, but little is known about his family history or even his origins. Blind Harry’s late 15th century poems refer to his father as Sir Malcolm of Eldersley; however, William’s own seal was found in a letter to Lübeck, Hans, in 1297 His father was named Alan Wallace. This Aaron Wallace may be the same one listed as tenant of the Ayrshire Crown in the 1296 Ragman Rolls, but no additional confirmation has been made. Blind Harry’s assertion that William was the son of Sir Malcolm of Eldersley sparked the tradition that William’s birthplace was at Eldersley, Renfrewshire, which remains the view of some historians, including The historic William Wallace Society itself.
However, William’s seal drew a counterclaim from Ellerslie, Ayrshire. There is no contemporary evidence that he was linked to either place, although both were linked to the wider Wallace family. Records show early members of the family owned estates in Riccarton, Tarbolton and Auchincruive in Kyle and Stenton in East Lothian. They were vassals of James Stewart, the fifth highest steward of Scotland, because their lands belonged to his territory. Wallace’s brothers Malcolm and John were known from other sources.
rebellion begins
Born around 1270 to a Scottish landowner, William Wallace worked to liberate Scotland from England’s control, just a year after his country’s initial loss of freedom, when he was 27.
In 1296, King Edward I of England forced John de Balliol, King of Scotland, already known as a weakling, to abdicate, imprisoned him, and declared himself the ruler of Scotland. Resistance to Edward’s actions had begun in May 1297 when Wallace and about 30 other men burned the Scottish town of Lanark and killed its English sheriff. Wallace then organized a local army and attacked the British stronghold between the Forth and Tay rivers.
capture and execute
Wallace avoided English captivity until August 5, 1305, when a Scottish knight loyal to Edward, John de Menteith, took him at Robroyston, near Glasgow. Rais handed over to British soldiers. (The site is commemorated with a small monument in the form of a Celtic cross.) Security letters and other documents of Haakon V of Norway, Philip IV of France and John Balliol were found on Wallace’s property, and Delivered to Edward of John de Segrave.
Wallace was transported to London, lodged at the home of William Delaire, before being taken to Westminster Hall, where he was tried for treason and atrocities against civilians during the war, “for all ages” , gender, monks and nuns”. He was crowned with an oak wreath, indicating that he was the king of the outlaws. He responded to the treason charge, “I cannot be Edward’s traitor because I was never his subject.”
Plaque at the site of Wallace’s execution
After the trial, on August 23, 1305, Wallace was taken from the Great Hall to the Tower of London, then stripped and dragged across the city on horseback to the Elms in Smithfield. He was hanged, hanged, hanged, but released while he was alive, castrated, gutted, his intestines burned in front of him, beheaded, and then cut into quarters. His well-preserved head (soaked in tar) was placed on a spear on London Bridge. Later, the heads of brothers John and Simon Fraser joined the ranks. His limbs were exhibited in Newcastle, Berwick, Stirling and Perth.
A plaque was unveiled on April 8, 1956, and stands on the wall of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital near the site of Wallace’s execution in Smithfield. It includes Latin “Dico tibi verum libertas optima rerum nunqual servili sub nexu vivito fili” (I tell you the truth. Freedom is best. Sons, never live as slaves.) and Gaelic “Bas Agus Buaidh” “(Death and Victory), an old Scottish battle cry. Wallace’s monument was erected in 1869, very close to the site of his victory at Stirling Bridge. It is said to belong to Wallace’s Wallace sword, although some parts are Made at least 160 years later, but preserved for many years in Dumbarton Castle, now in the Wallace Monument.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a real William Wallace?
William Wallace’s character is very real, and so are the battles he’s been in. In reality, the real William Wallace doesn’t actually know much. Everything that is known about his life and his wars against England comes from the late 15th century epic of Harry the Blind.
How did William Wallace die?
Beheading, William Wallace Cause of Death
Why is William Wallace a hero?
Sir William Wallace. A hero and true patriot of Scotland, he had a burning desire for peace and freedom, united the clans of the country, won the loyalty of the people, terrorized the enemy, and resisted the cruel hand of the evil, warlike and invading king —Edward I of England.
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