Chandra Shekhar Azad Wiki, Age, Death, Wife, Children, Family, Biography & More – WikiBio
Chandra Shekhar Azad is a famous Indian freedom fighter. He is best known for reorganizing the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) organization under the new name Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928 after the death of its founder “Ram Prasad Bismir”. The organization was founded in 1923 by Ram Prasad Bismil and three other prominent party leaders Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Ashfaqulla Khan. He used his pseudonym “Balraj” when he signed a pamphlet issued to the public, with the British government serving as commander-in-chief of high-speed rail.
Wiki/Biography
Chandra Shekhar Azad was born on Monday 23 July 1906 as Chandra Shekhar Tiwari (24; at the time of death) in Bafra, Ali Rajpur, British India. His zodiac sign is Leo. Chandra Shekhar Azad’s mother wanted him to become a Sanskrit scholar, so she persuaded his father to send him to Kashi Vidyapeeth in Banaras for education.
appearance
hair color: Black
eye color: Black
family
parents and siblings
His father’s name was Sitaram Tiwari and he was a gardener. His mother, Jagrani Devi, was a housewife.
His mother was his father’s third wife, and both of his first wives died. His ancestors belonged to Badarka village in Unnao district. After the birth of his older brother Sukhdev, his family moved to the state of Ali Rajpur in order to make a living.
religious view
The religion followed by Azad and his revolutionary partners is utilitarian, not ideological. Ramkrishna Khatri, a member of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) organization recruited by Azad, in a conversation with academics from Jawaharlal Nehru University narrates an event. He said,
HRA revolutionaries had planned to loot a monastery in Ghazipur to fund the movement. With this goal in mind, Azad joined the monastery, where he stayed for three to four months, waiting to win the trust of the chief pope, or wait for him to die and be assigned the keys to the vault. If the Pope did not die of natural causes, the revolutionaries did not even hesitate to kill the Pope. According to Hartree, before taking on the task, Mammat Nath Gupta wanted Azad to “guarantee the death of the Pope.” However, this plan did not materialise and the party decided to relieve Azad from this task. “
He further added a picture of the famous Azad wearing a janeau and twirling his moustache. He said,
One of Azad’s most famous pictures is of him twirling his beard and wearing a jano. The photo was used to question the egalitarian and progressive ideology of the HSRA revolutionaries. This photo was taken by Azad disguised as a beggar who once recited the Ramayana in Jhansi. That janeau is part of the disguise. According to the decision of the HSRA Central Committee in Feroz Shah Kotla in September 1928, Azad had long since abandoned the practice of wearing janeau and other religious symbols. “
growth period
In 1921, 15-year-old Chandra Shekhar joined the non-cooperative movement shortly after finishing school. He was one of Mahavidyalaya’s students who protested and recited the slogans of Vande Matram and Bharat Mata ki Jai against British rule under the non-cooperative movement. On December 20, he was arrested by British officials along with other students. A week after his arrest, he was brought before a district magistrate named “Rev. Thomson Craigart” for a trial. He said in front of him his name “Azad”, his father’s name “Swatantrata” (Independence) and his address “Prison”. Azad was sentenced to 23 weeks in prison and 15 strokes of the cane a day by an angry magistrate.
freedom fighter
In 1922, Chandra Shekhar Azad was disappointed after Mahatma Gandhi postponed the movement for non-cooperation. After that, he befriended another young revolutionary, Manmath Nath Gupta, and took part in another Indian independence movement. Manmath Nath Gupta introduced him to Ram Prasad Bismil, the founder of a revolutionary movement called the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). Since then, he has worked for the HRA organization, raising funds for it. Azad was actively involved in looting government property. In 1925, Azad was executed for the Kakori train robbery. In 1928, he was involved in the shooting of JP Saunders in Lahore in retaliation for the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.
In 1929, he attempted to blow up the train of the Governor of India. Congress leader Motilal Nehru often supports him by funding his organisation.
Battle of Jhansi
Azad made the Orchha Forest in Jhansi his base for some time. He used to practice shooting in the jungles of Jhansi. He also trained his group members. He started living in the hut he built near the Hanuman Temple on the banks of the Sata River. He and Pandit Harishankar Bramhachari lived in this place for a long time. Children from the nearby village of ‘Dhimarpura’ used to come to him to study. Therefore, he maintained a good reputation among the local villagers. During his stay in Jhansi, he also learned to drive a car at the Bender Kand Auto Garage in Sardar Bazar. During his revolutionary movement, several other freedom fighters such as Sadashivrao Malkapurkar, Vishwanath Vaishampayan and Bhagwan Das Mahaur became an important part of his organization. The great Congress leaders of the time, Raghunath Vinayak Dhulekar and Sitaram Bhaskar Bhagwat were also attracted to his organization. Rudra Narayan Singh of Nai Basti and Bhagwat of Nagra provided him with a place to live and continue the movement of his organization. Bundelkhand Kesri Dewan Shatrughan Singh was his great supporter who gave him financial and arms support in the freedom struggle. Bundelkhand Kesri Dewan Shatrughan Singh is the founder of the Bundelkhand Freedom Movement.
Reorganization of Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) with Bhagat Singh
In 1923, the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was formed by Ram Prasad Bismil, Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Sachindra Nath Sanyal and Shachindra Nath Bakshi. The British sentenced Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Thakur Roshan Singh and Rajendra Nath Lahiri to death for their active participation in the robbery after the group attempted to rob the Kakori train in 1925.
Azad, Keshab Chakravarti and Murali Lal Gupta escaped arrest during the British government’s crackdown on revolutionary activity after the train robbery. Later, Bhagat Singh also joined Chandra Shekhar Azad’s movement and helped Azad restructure the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) into the Hindustan Socialist Republic Association (HSRA) in 1928 ). The movement followed the principles of socialism and gained independence and freedom. Manmath Nath Gupta, an active member of the Azad organization, provides insight into Azad’s revolutionary actions in his biography, Chandrashekhar Azad – A History of Indian Revolutionary Movements (English: 1972).
heritage
Several Indian films have recounted Azad’s life and his struggle for Indian independence. These films include Chandrasekhar Azad (1963), Shaheed (1965), March 23, 1931: Shaheed (2002) with Indian actor Sunny Deol as Azad, The Legend of Bhagat Singh (2002) with Akhilendra Mishra as Azad and Raj Zutshi Azad in the film Shaheed-E-Azam (2002), Aamir Khan played Azad in the film Rang De Basanti (2006) directed and produced by Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra. In the film Rang De Basanti, the lives of freedom fighters Chandra Shekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, Bismil and Ashfaq are compared to today’s generation. A 2018 TV series titled “Chandrashekhar” also aired on Star Bharat. Ayaan Zubair, Dev Joshi and Karan Sharma portrayed Azad in childhood, adolescence and adulthood respectively. Several schools, colleges, universities, public institutions and roads in India are named after Chandra Shekhar Azad.
martyrdom
Sir JRH Nott-Bower, CID Chief of Allahabad Police, received information from a person who met his team member Sukhdev Raj in Alfred Park on 27 February 1931. Soon, Ball and his police force went to Alfred Park to arrest Azad. As planned, the police surrounded him from all sides, along with their DSP Thakur Vishweshwar Singh with rifles. Soon, the shootout began, and Sukhdev fled the scene unhurt. On the other side, Azad hid behind a large tree and started shooting at the police. Finally, after a long encounter, with only one bullet left, Azad shoots himself as he promises to keep Azad (free) forever and never wants to be captured alive by the British. Ball suffered a wound to his right palm and jaw during the shootout. Soon, the police took Azad’s body to the Rathurabad Ghat for cremation without informing the public. However, soon after news of Azad’s death spread like fire, people surrounded the cremation park. The masses chanted and praised Azad’s efforts for India’s independence. Veerbhadra Tiwari and Yashpal, old comrades, were responsible for reporting Azad’s whereabouts to the police.
Facts/trivia
- During the Indian independence movement, other freedom fighters also called him Azad, Balraj and Panditji.
- Chandra Shekhar Azad learned archery from a young age from boys in the Bhils community in Jhabua district. Later, that made him a great shooter.
- When he was arrested by British police in 1921 for his involvement in the non-cooperative movement, the Urdu name ‘Azad’ meaning ‘freedom’, he declared himself ‘Azad’ and his father’s name ‘Freedom’,’ and His ‘prison’ address before a judge during his court trial.
- Chandra Shekhar Azad was also called “Quicksilver” by his peers for his restless behavior.
- Chandra Shekhar Azad was forced to take a job at a very young age due to her family’s poor financial situation. His personal teacher put him in a government job at tehsil’s office. However, he quickly left the job as he hated bowing his head in front of British officials.
- In the early 1920s, Azad went to Bombay to find work and worked for a while in a shipyard as a coolie and painter…
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