About Aksel Berg: Soviet Scientist and Admiral (1893-1979)
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Axel Ivanovich Berg (Russian: Аксель Иванович Берг; November 10 [O.S. 29 October] 1893 – July 9, 1979) was a Soviet scientist and admiral (engineering). He was a key figure in introducing cybernetics into the Soviet Union.
early life
Berg’s father was General John (Ivan) Berg of Finnish-Swedish descent, and his mother was Italian. Axel was 11 when his father died, and Axel was enrolled at the St. Petersburg Naval Academy. Berg joined the Russian Imperial Navy in 1914 and served as junior navigator aboard the Russian battleship Tsesarevich and as a liaison officer on the British submarine HMS E8 operating in the Baltic Sea allied with Russia. After the revolution, Berg served in the Red Navy from 1918-22. In 1918 he took part in an ice cruise of the Baltic Fleet. In 1919 he served as a navigation officer on a submarine Pantera When it sank the British destroyer HMS Vittoria. He then took command of the Rys, Volk and Zmeya submarines. From 1925 Berg worked on land and completed his studies at St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. In 1927 he was assigned to the Naval Radio Electronics Division, and from 1932 to 1937 he headed the Naval Communications Institute.
Imprisoned and Rehabilitated
Berg was imprisoned for three years during Stalin’s purges, but was released and rehabilitated in 1940 when Stalin became interested in developing radar. Berg was immediately appointed Minister of Electronic Technology of the Soviet Union.He developed the Redut-K airborne early warning radar installed on light cruisers Molotov April 1941. MolotovThe device enabled her to play a key role in Sevastopol’s air defense during the first phase of Operation Barbarossa.
after WWII
After the war, Berg directed the Institute of Radio Electronics from 1947-57 and served as Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1953-57. Then in 1958, he founded and chaired the Scientific Committee on Cybernetics of Complex Problems. His main interests are radio communications, microelectronics and cybernetics (ie computer science and engineering).
Berg died in Moscow in 1979 and is buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Featured Publications
Berg A., (1964), “Cybernetics and Education” exist Anglo-Soviet MagazineMarch 1964, pp. 13-20 (English)
Honors and Awards
- Heroes of Socialist Labour (November 10, 1963) Presidium of the Supreme Soviet “Outstanding achievements in the development of radio engineering and in connection with the 70th anniversary of the birth of Axel Ivanovich Berg”
- Lenin’s Fourth Order
- Order of the October Revolution
- Order of the Red Banner, twice
- Order of the Great Patriotic War, First Class
- Order of the Red Star, three times
- Popov Gold Medal (13 April 1951)
- Medal “Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945”
- Commemorative Medal for the 20th Anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945
- Silver Jubilee Medal “XX Year of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants”
- Silver Jubilee Medal “30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy”
- Anniversary Medal “40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR”
- Commemorative Medal “50th Anniversary of the Armed Forces of the USSR”
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