About Albert II, Duke of Austria: Duke of Austria (1298-1358)
Albert II (December 12, 1298 – August 16, 1358), known as wise man or lameMember of the Habsburg family, Duke of Austria and Styria from 1330, Duke of Carinthia and Marquis of Carniola from 1335 until his death.
Life
Albert II was born in Habsburg Castle in Swabia, the youngest son of King Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Carinthia, a member of the Gorizia family (mehadina). He initially prepared for a ecclesiastical career and, while still a minor, was elected Bishop of Passau in 1313. However, he had to compete with opposing candidates, eventually giving up the position in 1317.
After the death of their older brother Frederick the Great in 1330, the surviving sons Albert II and Merry Otto became joint rulers of all Habsburg dynasties in Austria and Styria. Albert was able to further increase his fortune through the estate of his wife Joanna, which consisted of the county of Pfirt and several cities in Alsace. Furthermore, after the death of his uncle, Duke Henry of Carinthia in 1335, Albert succeeded in establishing his claim to the Duchy of Carinthia and the March of Carniola, when he was proclaimed by Emperor Louis IV Feudal, against the claims made by his mighty Luxembourg. Rival King John of Bohemia.
In 1335, Pope Benedict XII asked him to mediate the Church’s conflict with Emperor Louis, reflecting his high reputation among secular and Church leaders in Europe. Two years later, in 1337, King Philip VI of France asked him for help against Emperor Wittelsbach and King Edward III of England. Despite this, Albert remained loyal to the emperor until Louis’s death in 1347. He was also a close ally of his son Louis V, Duke of Bavaria. After Rudolf Bren’s army demolished Rapperswil Castle in 1350, the Austrian dukes marched on the Swiss Confederation and besieged the city of Zurich, to no avail.
In Austria, Duke Albert began building a Gothic choir in Vienna’s St. Stephen’s Cathedral, known as Albertine Choir. He established the “Alberdeen House Rules” (Albertinische) predetermines the rules of inheritance for the Habsburg lands according to the principle of primogeniture. Although this rule was ignored after his death, it was re-adopted under Emperor Maximilian. As part of the pragmatist sanctions of 1713, the Albertini dynasty remained practically one of the basic laws of Austria until 1918. Styria owes him the (former) constitution, the so-called “Book of Mountains” (Berger Bicher); Carinthia as well.
It is presumed that Albert suffered from temporal paralysis caused by polyarthritis (explaining his nickname “lame Albert”). If so, however, it did not prevent him from having many children, six of whom survived.
Albert died in Vienna in 1358 and was buried in the monastery of his own foundation, the Gaming Charter House in present-day Lower Austria. According to his family rules, his eldest son Rudolf IV succeeded him and his younger brothers served as regents. However, after Rudolf’s death in 1365, the Treaty of Neuberger in 1379 divided the Habsburg lands among Albert’s younger sons, Albert III and Leopold III.
family and children
On February 15, 1324, Albert married Johanna Countess of Pfelter, daughter of Ulrich III, Count of Pfelter, in Vienna. The couple has the following children:
- Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (1 November 1339, Vienna – 27 July 1365, Milan), succeeded his father as Duke of Austria, Styria and Carinthia. His marriage to Catherine of Luxembourg remains childless. After his death, his younger brothers Albert III and Leopold III succeeded him.
- Catherine (1342, Vienna – 10 January 1381, Vienna), Abbot of Santa Clara Abbey, Vienna.
- Margaret (1346, Vienna – 14 January 1366, Brno), married:
- Meinhard III, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol, in Passau, 4 September 1359;
- John Henry, Marquis of Moravia in Vienna 1364.
- Frederick III, Duke of Austria (1347, Vienna – 1362, Vienna). Died unmarried.
- Duke Albert III of Austria (September 9, 1349, Vienna – August 29, 1395, Laxenburg Castle). His first marriage to Elisabeth of Bohemia, daughter of the Luxembourg Emperor Charles IV, remained childless. Second, he married Beatrix of Nuremberg, an ancestor of Frederick V of Hohenzollern (Habsburg Albertinian line).
- Leopold III, Duke of Austria (1 November 1351, Vienna – 9 July 1386, Sempach). Married to Viridis Visconti, second daughter of Barnabo Visconti, lord of Milan; ancestor of the Habsburg Leopold line.
ancestor
8. Albert IV, Count of Habsburg | |||||||||||||||
8. Albert IV, Count of Habsburg | |||||||||||||||
4. Rudolph I, King of Rome | |||||||||||||||
9. Hedwig of Kiborg | |||||||||||||||
2. Albert I, King of Rome | |||||||||||||||
10. Berkhard V, Count of Hohenberg | |||||||||||||||
5. Gertrude of Hohenberger | |||||||||||||||
11. Matilda of Tübingen | |||||||||||||||
1. Duke Albert II of Austria | |||||||||||||||
12. Meinhard I, Count of Tyrol | |||||||||||||||
6. Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia | |||||||||||||||
13. Adelaide in Tyrol | |||||||||||||||
3. Elizabeth of Carinthia | |||||||||||||||
14. Otto II, Duke of Bavaria | |||||||||||||||
7. Elisabeth of Bavaria | |||||||||||||||
15. Agnes of the Palatinate | |||||||||||||||
4. Rudolph I, King of Rome | |||||||||||||||
9. Hedwig of Kiborg | |||||||||||||||
2. Albert I, King of Rome | |||||||||||||||
10. Berkhard V, Count of Hohenberg | |||||||||||||||
5. Gertrude of Hohenberger | |||||||||||||||
11. Matilda of Tübingen | |||||||||||||||
1. Duke Albert II of Austria | |||||||||||||||
12. Meinhard I, Count of Tyrol | |||||||||||||||
6. Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia | |||||||||||||||
13. Adelaide in Tyrol | |||||||||||||||
3. Elizabeth of Carinthia | |||||||||||||||
14. Otto II, Duke of Bavaria | |||||||||||||||
7. Elisabeth of Bavaria | |||||||||||||||
15. Agnes of the Palatinate | |||||||||||||||
Find more articles in our categories Celebrity & News & Wiki.
Thanks for visiting we hope our article About Albert II, Duke of Austria: Duke of Austria (1298-1358)
, think about share the article on Facebook, pinterest and e-mail with the hashtags ☑️ #Albert #Duke #Austria #Duke #Austria ☑️!